The Cambridge Primary Review welcomes the Institute for Fiscal Studies report, Does When You Are Born Matter? The impact of month of birth on childrenʼs cognitive and non- cognitive skills in England. This report highlights a long-standing concern which will be familiar to many teachers, parents and children, not least from the controversy generated by the Rose Reviewʼs proposals about school starting age in 2008, but as the Cambridge Primary Review evidence indicates, understanding and responding to the problem requires looking beyond the simple fact of a childʼs date of birth. The CPR Final Report stressed the need for policymakers and practitioners to work to ensure that gaps in the learning and achievement of many different groups – including summer born children – are significantly reduced, and in 2010 we placed ʻnarrowing the gapsʼ and ʻconsolidating the EYFSʼ high on our list of post-election policy priorities.